Nut-wrench



H. D. FISK. NUT WRENCH.

Patented Jan. 19, 1892.

v f MW UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY D. FISK, OF DAVISBURG, MICHIGAN.

NUT-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 467,401, dated January19, 1892.

. Application filed October 16, 1889- Serial No. 327,233. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY D. FisK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Davisburg, in the county of Oakland and State of Michigan,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in NutWrenches; and Ido declare the following to be a full, clear, and we act description ofthe invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form apart of this specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements inratchet-wrenches; and it consists of a revolving head, cylindrical inform, having an opening passing longitudinally therethrough andterminating at each end in alarger opening or mouth to receive the nut,said head also having two rows of ratchet-teeth around its periphery,the acute angle of the teeth in said rows standing in oppositedirections, and said head being centrally mounted on the end of a leveror handle, to each side of which is pivoted a spring-actuated pawladapted to engage respectively with the rows of teeth of therevolvingdiead, whereby the head may be revolved in either direction bythe same 1notion of the handle for the purpose of screwing a nut on oroff of a bolt, as desired, all of which will be hereinafter more fullyset forth, and the essential features of the device pointed outparticularly in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved wrench. Fig. 2 is a planview of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the revolvinghead on dotted line of Fig. 1.

Referring to the letters of reference, A indicates the handle of thewrench; B, the revolving head; 0, the metal strap encircling the head B,and by means of which said head is secured to the handle.

D and E are openings ormouths in the ends of the head to receive thenuts, and F is an opening through the head that receives the end of thebolt extending beyond the outer face of the nut when the wrench is inoperation.

The head 13 is made of a solid piece, and is provided with a double rowof ratchet-teeth a a, around its periphery, that are formed integraltherewith, said teeth being located on each side of thehorizontal centerof the head, and the points of theteeth in said rows standing inopposite directions, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. An annular groove H isformed in the periphery of the head B between the rows of teeth a a.Said groove loosely receives the strap or band C, as shown in Fig. 3,which passes around the head 13, its ends being secured to the handle A,as shown at s in Figs. 1 and 2, whereby the head is permitted torevolve, though firmly secured to the handle A, the end of said handlebeing concaved to fit the periphery of the head, as shown in Fig. 1. Thehead is provided with a recess in each end to receive the nut and withthe central opening F passing longi tudinally therethrough andcommunicating with the end recesses, said opening F being adapted toreceive the end of the bolt that extends through the nut when applyingthe wrench thereto, the recess E in one end of the head being square andthe recess D in the opposite end being polygonal, to adapt the wrench tothe various forms of nuts, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

The pawls t t arepivoted to the handle A on each side thereof, bothpawls being se cured bya single bolt 1;, passing through the handle, andthe ends of said pawls, as shown in Fig. 2, and are adapted to engagewith the rows of ratchet-teeth a a, respectively. Each pawl is providedwith a spring 6, adapted to bear against the edge thereof to retain saidpawl in contact with the teeth, as shown in Fig. 2, and with a thumb-setor stop 0 c, by

the turning of which the pawl may be disengaged from said teeth. Thepawlt is adapted to engage with the ratchet-teeth a and the pawl 25'with the teeth a. In practice, however, but one pawl is engaged at atime. As an illustration- To employ the wrench to screw a nut onto abolt, the head B is placed on the nut, said nut lying in the recess D inthe end thereof. The thumb-stop c is then turned so that the edgethereof will bear against the pawl t and lift it from engagement withthe ratchet-teeth ct, as shown in Fig. 2. Then by throwing the handle Ato the left the pawl 25, engaging with the ratchet-teeth a, will revolvethe head B, turning the nut. As the handle is thrown back, the pawl willslip over the teeth a and again engage said teeth as the handle isthrown to the left. Thus it will be seen that by oscillating the handleof the wrench the nut is screwed onto the bolt. Should it be desired toremove the nut from thebolt, the thumb-stop c is turned edgewise, so asto lift the pawl tfrom engagement with the ratchetteeth a, and thethumb-stop e is turned so as to permit the pawl to engage theratchetteeth a, when by the same operation of the handle the head B willbe revolved in an opposite direction and the nut unscrewed.

This form of wrench, as will be seen, is simple of construction andeffective in operation,and will greatly facilitate the removal andreplacing of nuts.

Having thusfully set forth my invention, what I claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a wrench, the combination of the handle, the integral wrench-headcentrally journaled thereon, said head havinga nut-receiving recess ineach end and two peripheral ratchets, the teeth of which stand inopposite directions, the pawls adapted to engage said ratchets,respectively, and the thumb-stops or turn-buttons by means of which saidpawls may be successively disengaged from said ratchet, substantially asspecified.

2. In a wrench,the combination of the handle, the integral headjournaled thereon, said head having a nut-receiving recess and aconcentric opening communicating therewith, and said head being alsoprovided with two peripheral ratchets, the teeth of which stand inopposite directions, the pawls adapted to engage said ratchets, and theturn-buttons adapted to engage said pawls to successively disengage themfrom the ratchets.

3. In a wrench, the combination of the bandle, the integral head havinga nut-receiving recess in each end thereof and a concentric openingcommunicating with said recesses, said head also having thecircumferential groove and a peripheral ratchet on each side of saidgroove, the teeth of which stand in opposite directions, the looped bandlying within said groove and attached to opposite faces of the handle,the spring-actuated pawls engaging said ratchets, and the turn-buttonsadapted to raise said pawls from said ratchets respect- HENRY D. FISK.Witnesses:

ALONZO I-I. LOSEE, THos. CRUIcE.

